國外在20世紀80年代開始嘗試玻璃結構的工程應用,比如1984年由荷蘭人Jan benthem和MelsCrouwel建造的承重全玻璃幕墻結構(詞條“玻璃幕墻結構”由行業大百科提供)。意大利米蘭的建筑與玻璃設計師組合Santambrogio ( Carlo Santambrogio和EnnioArosic)設計的兩套全玻璃建筑(圖3.1),由玻璃肋與玻璃板組成T型截面柱,玻璃梁與玻璃柱通過螺栓連接形成框架結構體系,建筑內部的玻璃樓梯、玻璃茶幾、玻璃柜、玻璃床等,均通過螺栓拼接而成。
2015年開放的梵高博物館新入口大廳(圖3.2)是由KishoKurokawa建筑事務所、Hans van Heeswijk建筑事務所和Octatube結構設計師合作完成,是目前荷蘭最大玻璃結構大廳。入口大廳結構設計是由球形玻璃屋蓋、冷彎(詞條“冷彎”由行業大百科提供)玻璃幕墻及鋼結構組成的混合結構(詞條“混合結構”由行業大百科提供),玻璃樓梯由玻璃拱門支撐。玻璃屋蓋由不同尺寸的隔熱玻璃及夾層玻璃單元組成,并通過SG多夾層玻璃肋支撐,最大加勁肋長12m,高700mm。玻璃梁與主鋼框架膠結連接,為玻璃屋蓋提供支撐。弧形幕墻由冷彎隔熱玻璃單元組成,通過20個不同的三夾層玻璃加勁肋固定,加勁肋最長尺寸為9.4m,幕墻最小彎曲半徑為11.5m[39]。
François Fontès在2017年設計建造的法國蒙皮利埃醫學院外立面采用了玻璃肋約束的玻璃幕墻(圖3.3),玻璃板最大尺寸為3.8m×2.8m,玻璃肋高達12.71m,采用鈦金屬植入式節點連接來保證結構橫向屈曲及地震荷載下的穩定性[40]。
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